As of 2021, the latest research on HIV medication includes the development of long-acting antiretroviral therapy (ART) that can be administered every one to four months, instead of daily. This includes injectable drugs such as cabotegravir and rilpivirine, and implantable devices such as the ViiV Healthcare's cabotegravir implant.
Another area of research is the development of combination therapies, such as the use of bictegravir, an integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI), in combination with the long-acting drugs mentioned above. This combination therapy has shown to be highly effective in suppressing the virus and preventing resistance.
There is also ongoing research on the use of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) as a treatment option for people living with HIV. mAbs are laboratory-made proteins that mimic the immune system's ability to fight off infections. One example is the mAb Vemlidy (tenofovir alafenamide), which is approved for use in combination with other ART drugs.
Lastly, research is also being done to improve the accessibility and affordability of HIV medication, particularly in low- and middle-income countries where access to treatment is limited. This includes the use of generic drugs and implementation of innovative financing mechanisms to increase access to HIV treatment.